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CFD Analysis of Blood Flow through Bifurcated Carotid Artery (of Human): Newtonian vs. Non Newtonian Blood Model

Corresponding Author : Md. Syamul Bashar (md.syamul-mee@sust.edu)

Authors : Md. Syamul Bashar , Rifat Hossain , Md. Shafiqul Islam

Keywords : Computational Fluid Dynamics, Bifurcated Carotid Artery, Newtonian Fluid, Non-Newtonian Fluid, Wall Shear Stress

Abstract :

Blood behaves like either a Newtonian or Non-Newtonian fluid depending on the shear stress it experiences. In the current study, a 3D model of a human bifurcated carotid artery was used to get insights into the differences between Newtonian and Non-Newtonian blood flow. As the experimental or numerical setup will be made simpler by representing blood as a Newtonian fluid. We are interested in whether it makes sense to represent blood as a Newtonian fluid. Fluent (ANSYS, 15) software was used to run two different simulations, one for blood as a Newtonian fluid and the other for a Non-Newtonian fluid. The Carreau model has been used to define the Non-Newtonian behavior of blood. A qualitative and quantitative comparison of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian blood flow has been done based on blood velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress (WSS). All comparisons were done at the minimum and maximum intake velocities of a cardiac cycle. To evaluate how close Newtonian and Non-Newtonian results are a root mean square error (RMSE) calculation has been done. At the time of minimum inlet velocity, the differences between the corresponding Newtonian and Non-Newtonian values ranged from zero to small. Additionally, the differences between corresponding Newtonian and Non-Newtonian velocities lessen at maximum inlet velocity. The impacts of blood's Non-Newtonian behavior have been found minimal. Blood may be modeled as a Newtonian fluid for simplicity in the experimental or numerical analysis of blood flow through the carotid artery, with minimal error.

Published on December 31st, 2022 in Volume 32, Issue 2, Applied Sciences and Technology